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IRS Benefit Plan Limits Changes for 2023 | Complete Payroll

Written by Complete Payroll | Nov 24, 2022 1:00:00 PM

In October, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) announced changes to various retirement plan benefits and employment tax limits for 2023. Not all limitations set forth by the IRS will be changed, as they are not subject to annual adjustments. However, those that will change are all tied to a cost of living index adjustment. 

Retirement Plan Benefits

Changes in retirement plan limits start with changes to employee 401(k) contributions. These contributions will now be limited to $22,500 in 2023 from 2022’s $20,500 cap. In addition, all plan participants who are 50 years of age or older in 2023 can contribute an additional $7,500, $1,000 more than in 2022.

IRAs also have changes for 2023; the SIMPLE IRA plan raised its elective deferral limit by $1,500 to $15,500. The catch-up contribution limit has also increased by $500 and now tops off at $3,500. Regular IRAs have seen changes to their contribution limit going up to $6,500, with the catch-up contribution remaining the same at $1,000.

401(k) Plan Limits

Defined Contribution Plans 2023 2022 Change

Maximum employee elective deferral (age 49 or younger) 1

$22,500

$20,500

+$2,000

Employee catch-up contribution (age 50 or older by year-end) 2

$7,500

$6,500

+$1,000

Maximum employee elective deferral plus catch-up contribution (age 50 or older)

$30,000

$27,000

+$3,000

Defined contribution maximum limit, employee + employer (age 49 or younger) 3

$66,000

$61,000

+$5,000

Defined contribution maximum limit (age 50 or older), all sources + catch-up

$73,500

$67,500

+$6,000

Employee compensation limit for calculating contributions

$330,000

$305,000

+$25,000

Key employees' compensation threshold for top-heavy plan testing 4

$215,000

$200,000

+$15,000

 

Highly compensated employees’ threshold for nondiscrimination testing 5

$150,000

$135,000

+$15,000

1 The $22,500 elective deferral limit is also known as the 402(g) limit, after the relevant tax code section. Participants' annual contributions may not exceed 100% of their compensation.

2 The $7,500 catch-up contribution limit for participants age 50 or older applies from the start of the year for those turning 50 at any time during the year.

3 Total contributions from all sources may not exceed 100% of a participant's compensation.

4 Includes officers of the company sponsoring the plan.

5 For the 2023 plan year, an employee who earned more than $150,000 in 2022 is an HCE.

​Source: IRS Notice 2022-55.

High Deductible Plans, Health Savings Accounts, and FSAs

The rising inflation rate has also meant significant increases to contribution plans such as Health Savings Accounts. 

HSA contributions for self-only coverage are up $200 and top out at $3,850, while family coverage is changing from $7,300 to $7,750. This is roughly a 5.5% increase from 2022-2023, up from the 1.4% increase seen from 2021-2022. 

For High Deductible HealthPlans (HDHPs), minimum deductibles and maximum out-of-pocket numbers skyrocketed. Minimum deductibles now sit at $1,500 for self-only coverage (a change of $100) and $3,000 for family coverage ($200 more than in 2022). Out-of-pocket maximums have landed at $7,500 for self-only, a $450 increase from 2022, while family coverage is set at $15,000, up $900. 

Finally, Flexible Spending Accounts (FSAs) saw a $200 increase in maximum salary deferral to top out at $3,050, while the maximum rollover amount is up just $40 to $610.

Dependent Care FSAs saw no change and stayed at 2022’s maximum salary deferral for single taxpayers and married couples filing jointly or separately. The maximum remains at $5,000 and $2,500, respectively. 

HSA and HDHP Limits

Health Savings Accounts (HSAs) and High-Deductible Health Plans (HDHPs)  2023 2022 Change

HSA contribution limit
(employer + employee)

Self-only: $3,850

Family: $7,750

Self-only: $3,650

Family: $7,300

Self-only: +$200

Family: +$450

HSA catch-up contributions
(age 55 or older)

$1,000

$1,000

no change
(not indexed)

HDHP minimum deductibles

Self-only: $1,500

Family: $3,000

Self-only: 1,400

Family: $2,800

Self-only: +100

Family: +200

HDHP maximum out-of-pocket amounts (deductibles, co-payments and other amounts, but not premiums)

Self-only: $7,500

Family: $15,000

Self-only: $7,050

Family: $14,100

Self-only: +450

Family: +$900

Source: IRS Revenue Procedure 2022-24.

Health FSA Limits

Health Care Flexible Spending Accounts (Health FSAs) and Limited-Scope (Vision/Dental) FSAs

2023

2022

Change

Maximum salary deferral

$3,050

$2,850

+$200

Maximum rollover amount

$610

$570

+$40

Source: IRS Revenue Procedure 2022-38.

Other Limit Changes

Other limit changes announced by the IRS include the following:

  • Qualified Self Employer Health Reimbursement Arrangements 
  • Maximum payments and reimbursements: Self-only: $5,850 (+$400) Family: $11,800 (+$750)
  • Qualified Transportation Limit
  • Transit passes and van pool services: $300 (+$20)
  • Qualified parking: $300 (+$20)
  • Adoption Benefits & Phase-out Income Thresholds
  • Excludable Amount: $15,950 (+$1,060)
  • Phase-out begins: $239,230 (+$15,820
  • Phase-out complete: $279,230 (+$15,820)
  • Social Security (FICA) Payroll Tax
  • Maximum earnings subject to 12.4% FICA payroll tax: $160,200 (+$13,200)

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